Dry Eye Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms and Treatment Even in Winter

Dry eye syndrome is one of the most common ophthalmic conditions that affects an increasing number of people worldwide. It is characterized by insufficient lubrication of the ocular surface, leading to discomfort, irritation and visual disturbances. The problem is particularly exacerbated in winter, when environmental factors further affect the condition of the eyes.

Causes of Dry Eye Syndrome

The causes of Dry eye Syndrome can be varied and include both external and internal factors. During the winter, the main factors contributing to the development of the condition are:

  • Dry air: The effect of heating indoors reduces the humidity in the air, leading to faster evaporation of tears.
  • Cold wind: Contact with cold air outside causes additional irritation to the eyes.
  • Reduced number of blinks: During the winter, when we spend more time in front of screens such as computers and televisions, the frequency of blinking decreases, which reduces the natural lubrication of the eyes.

Internal factors, such as reduced tear secretion due to aging, autoimmune diseases (e.g. Sjögren's syndrome) or taking certain medications, can further exacerbate the problem.

Symptoms of Dry Eye Syndrome

Dry eye syndrome sufferers report a wide range of symptoms that can affect the quality of daily life. Among the most common are:

  • Burning, itching and a feeling of sand under the eyelids.
  • Redness of the eyes.
  • Excessive tearing, which is a defensive reaction of the body.
  • Blurred vision, especially at the end of the day.
  • Hypersensitivity to light.

Treatment of Dry Eye Syndrome

Dry eye syndrome requires a comprehensive therapeutic approach. It is important not only to relieve symptoms, but also to eliminate the causes of the problem. Here are the most effective treatment methods:

1. Artificial tears and lubricating drops

The easiest way to alleviate the symptoms of PMS is through moisturizers such as drops or gels. It is advisable to choose products without preservatives to avoid additional irritation.

2. Humidifying the air

Indoor humidifiers are recommended during the winter to reduce dryness. Regular ventilation of rooms can also improve air quality.

3. Protection from the elements

Wearing sunglasses in winter can protect your eyes from cold winds and UV rays that reflect off snow.

4. Lifestyle changes

  • Taking regular breaks while working at the computer (e.g., the 20-20-20 rule: looking at an object 20 feet away for 20 seconds every 20 minutes).
  • A balanced diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which promote tear production.

5. Advanced treatment

For severe cases of PMS, your doctor may recommend more advanced treatments, such as:

  • Use of autologous serum drops.
  • Tear point closure procedures to reduce tear outflow.

Prevention of Dry Eye Syndrome in Winter

To prevent the onset of dry eye syndrome in winter, it is helpful to follow a few simple rules:

  • Keeping your body hydrated by drinking plenty of water.
  • Avoiding cigarette smoke, which can irritate the eyes.
  • Using special eye masks to help regenerate the tear film during sleep.
  • Regular visits to an ophthalmologist to monitor the condition of the eyes and adjust treatment.

Dry eye syndrome is a problem that can affect the comfort of life, especially during the winter. However, with proper prevention and treatment, the condition can be effectively managed and the quality of vision and overall well-being can be improved.

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